Paper

Scaling Automatic Research Agents via World Models

Uses world-model rewards in place of per-trajectory execution, then corrects them online with anchor executions for debiasing and variance-aware fusion.

arXiv ↗Aug 29, 2026

  • llm
  • reinforcement learning
  • agents
  • world models
Pipeline diagram showing method: online debiasing and IV-denoising stages
Pipeline diagram showing method: online debiasing and IV-denoising stages

What it is

Replaces costly environment execution in RL for automatic research agents with a learned world model, plus online bias and noise correction to keep performance. Instead of paying real execution cost for every RL trajectory, rewards come from a batched world model; a small anchor stream of real executions recalibrates bias and downweights noisy proxy rewards.

Key results

  • 3-4x faster training than standard RL on multiple tasks and agent scales
  • Post-trained 4B and 9B agents beat larger 48B and 120B open agents
  • Transfers to embodied VLA post-training on LIBERO-Long

Shows that a learned reward proxy, anchored by a small amount of real execution, can remove the main RL scaling bottleneck without sacrificing final agent quality.

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