Paper

Three-Body Scattering for Generative Modeling

Uses per-sample real-attract/fake-repel scattering targets from energy distance, with optional online field tracking, to train one-step generators directly.

arXiv ↗Jul 20, 2026Code ↗

  • llm
  • cv
  • generative modeling
  • image generation
  • distribution matching
2D taxonomy of TBSM family with FID/IS comparisons and sample outputs across configurations
2D taxonomy of TBSM family with FID/IS comparisons and sample outputs across configurations

What it is

Trains one-step generators by regressing each sample toward a real-attract, fake-repel scattering target from energy distance, avoiding critics and diffusion teachers. Instead of minibatch all-pairs fields or teacher-guided paths, it uses constant-size triplets: each generated sample moves toward one real sample and away from one fake. An online tracker estimates the conditional mean scattering field to reduce noise.

Key results

  • ImageNet-256, NFE=1: FID 1.63 with latent-space DiT-XL
  • ImageNet-256, NFE=1: FID 2.23 with pixel-space PixelDiT-XL
  • ImageNet-512: DiT-XL/4 reaches FID 1.92 at NFE=1

Shows that energy-distance supervision can scale to high-dimensional one-step generation using only constant-size sample interactions.

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